あくびの達磨―退屈散歩
First let us read Mr. Kyobashi's comment on the subject.
日本語はこちらにあります。
http://WWW.amie.or.jp/daruma/akubi.html
" This yawning Daruma is only about 5 cm tall and fits perfectly
in the palm of my hand. I got him in Hida Takayama. Opening his mouth
real wide he reminds me of Daruma Daishi sitting in front of the wall
(menpeki kunen 面壁九年) in the temple Suuzan (崇山) in China. Yawning
loud (akubi 欠伸) is not a socially correct behaviour, but to strech your
arms and back and take a deep breath brings oxygen to your brain and helps
your mind to be sharp. So it is no wonder Daruma during his long periods
of meditation took a good yawn once in a while. And just this moment is
captured in some of these humorous statues."
For more information contact the Japanese Daruma Association (全日本達磨研究会).
参考：｢あくび達磨｣については､『だるま９号』 (全日本だるま研究会発行)に｢あくび達磨考｣として
村上本二郎氏の詳細な報告がある。
全日本だるま研究会の連絡先：浜松市肴町313-11 事務局長・田島哲三氏、
または 中村 浩訳氏 nakamura2@osaji.co.jp
I will now give a short summary of the very detailed and informative article
in the magazine Nr. 9 of the Daruma Association by Mr. Murakami.
The illustrations are from my own collection, since the pictures are only
in black and white.
Two papermachee Daruma dolls yawning
Papermachee Darumas (張子) are quite common in Japan, but a Yawning Daruma
of this kind seems to be seldom and only produced in Nagoya and Fushimi,
Kyoto.
The Yawning Daruma from Fushimi
This is a little fellow of about 9 cm with a headband (hachimaki 鉢巻),
typical of Nagoya. He was made by Katayama Ryuu of Fushimi ward, Kyooto.
The Yawning Daruma from Nagoya
This doll has the belly protruding and the face looking into the sky,
his yawn going right into space. We will talk about Nagoya Papermachee
Darumas in a different story. Some of them have little balls of clay inside
and make a ratteling noise when you shake them.
Wooden Yawning Darumas from Hida Takayama
The town Takayama in Gifu Prefecture is well known for woodcarving, especially
"with one blade" (ittoobori 一刀彫り). The Yawning Darumas are
about 5 to 10 cm high and are a speciality of this area. They are part
of the tradition of making netsuke (根付) in this area since the Edo period
and mostly made of wood from the local Ichi-I tree (一位). Maybe the craftsmen
from Takayama went to Edo and took the idea from pictures depicting a
yawning Daruma in the Hokusai tradition.
(One of my two fellows has a pretty long face and shows little teeth,
the other one has no teeth, but his beard is growing visibly, he looks
quite haggard and fed up with meditation!
私が持っている二人です。一人の顔は細長くて、小さい歯が見えます。もう一人には歯はありませんが、ヒゲをはやしています。ちょっと疲れた表情がうまい！
Clay Dolls of a Yawning Daruma
Some of these are represented with hands folded unter the robe, others
have the hands streched wide above the head. Inahata Clay Dolls (稲畑土人形),
which have a long tradition, feature some of these Darumas. They also
come as little incense burners or water drippers for calligraphy. Another
type is in the form of an ashtray with Daruma's mouth wide open, made
in Kanazawa.
Yawning Daruma Stretching Arms over his Head
They are usually in form of little handwarmers (teaburi
手あぶり) and have a big open mouth to put in small pieces of charcoal
and sometimes the inside is black with use. Some are made in Kutani.
Another type is used as a vase for small flowers.
There is also a little piggy bank with a Yawning Daruma. It is only about 8 cm high and has the characters for "Money saving" on his belly. It is in the tradition of Yano clay dolls (矢野土人形) from Saga Prefecture in Kyushu. But it is too small to put in money, so he is just yawning away waiting to grow. Yano clay dolls are known for piggy banks during the Russian War and were not made much after that.
We also find small clay bells (dorei 土鈴) with this Yawning Daruma. They are made in Kyoto, Kiyomizu-saka by Takahashi Kiyoshi. Sometimes they have a flywhisk hanging over the arm.
Finally we have tiny Yawning Darumas with an open mouth used to hold matches (or tootpicks). They were made in the Kyoto-area just after the war.
So far the summary of Mr. Murakami's essay. He also mentiones a little statue of Hotei, one of the Seven Goods of Good Luck, with his arms streched out over his head and his big belly protruding. He was made in India, but nowadays most of these statues are Hongkong ware. I will tell you more about these seven lucky ones in a different story.
Now I would like to mention the HP of a Japanese collector of frogs, who
got hooked to the Yawning Daruma during a trip to Takayama.
蛙を集める方が高山の旅の途中であくび達磨に出会ったHPを紹介します。
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| 見よ！この飛騨の職人技を。 イチイの一刀彫の「あくびだるま」だ。
カエルと関係ないけど。高さ、約 5�B 。 http://www.mnet.ne.jp/~emonyama/synapse/kaeru3.html |
Let us check out Takayama just a little more. It is also called "Little
Kyoto" and is well worth a trip.
On this HP, you find a general introduction about traveling in Hida Takayama.
http://www.hidatakayama.or.jp/english/index.html
飛騨高山の旅、日本語版
http://www.hidatakayama.or.jp/
Or check the following HP in English about local arts and crafts, where
some carving of Yewwood (ichi-I 一位) is mentioned.
飛騨高山の物産、民芸を紹介するＨＰ:
http://www.hida.jp/e-kankou/e-dentou/e-dentou.htm
There is a Daruma Market in February in
Takayama too:
２月11日（月・祝）（予定） 本町通り 飛騨高山だるま市 本町通りの風物詩「だるま市」が立ちます。
問い合わせ：高山市観光課（0577-35-3145)
Read more about the interesting festivals at Takayama in English:
高山の祭りについてはこちらのHPです。
http://www.hidanet.ne.jp/e02/ematsuri/ekigen.htm
The local inn Yamaichi has quite a unique HP for foreigners traveling
in the area, even explaining how to take a Japanese bath!
やまいち宿泊施設のHPはこちらです。
http://www.kbnet.jp.org/11pm/kamaya/hyoshi.html
Let us leave Takayama and look at the HP of Sakano Koko, a potter who
introduces nice individual yawning Darumas and others.
さかのここ手造り陶芸工房奮戦記
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あくびの達磨
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達磨大師
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| 世界に１つしかない 最初から思った通り出来ません。
出来上がる作品は１割以上も小さくなります 出来た作品は世界名１つしかない私の作品
http://www.medias.ne.jp/~at-banno/newteruko-05.htm |
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At last two more pieces from my collection. One is an ashtray with an
open-mouthed Daruma, his little face quite squashed by the big mouth.
He is about 12 cm high and has obviously been in use for quite a while.
最後に私のコレクションの二人を紹介したいとおもいます。 一人はあかい灰皿ですが、口を大きくあけ、目や鼻がつぶれそうになっているだるま。
And one more little pottery human Daruma of only 11 cm hight, who is
yawning away, stretching one hand over his head as if he was thinking:
"Do I have to do all that meditating? Should I take a day off today?"
with a really human expression, his little teeth beautifully modeled and
the little tounge sticking out. His toes are also quite unique.
私のコレクションにもう一人あくびの達磨さんがいます。手を頭にあて、まるで、“座禅はもういや。今日は休みたいな。。。！”と言う表情です。小さい歯と足の指も見事。
This concludes the stories about the Yawning Daruma. I think I am going
to take a good strech now and yawn myself. Care to join me?
Whaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa!
これであくび達磨の話を終わります｡私もこれからストレチングし大あくびをします｡
どうぞご一緒に うあああああああああああああああああああ!
Addition from September 2002
From Bob W. in America we received these wonderful Darumas yawning away.
"My family lived in Japan 100 years ago, and may have acquired them
there at that time. I've known them for more than 60 years. They are about
5 cm. in height and all sitting down."
“100年も前からうちの家族が日本に住んだことがあるときから家族の宝物です。
みんなが座って、5cmぐらいの高さです。”
Thank you so much, Bob, for sharing them with us.
gokuraku@po.harenet.ne.jp
